Relationships Between Putrefaction, Fermentation and Synthesis
The processes of putrefaction, fermentation, and synthesis proceed simultaneously according to the appropriate types and numbers of microorganisms that are present in the soil. The impact on soil quality attributes and related soil properties is determined by the dominant process. The production of organic sub stances by microorganisms results from the intake of positive ions, while decomposition serves to release these positive ions. Hydrogen ions play a pivotal role in these processes. A problem occurs when hydrogen ions do not recombine with oxygen to form water, but are utilized to produce methane, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, mercaptans and other highly reduced putrefactive substances most of which are toxic to plants and produce mal odors. If a soil is able to absorb the excess hydrogen ions during periods of soil anaerobiosis and if synthetic microorganisms such as photosynthetic bacteria are present, they will utilize these putrefactive substances and produce useful substrates from them which helps to maintain a healthy and productive soil.
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